MAC002A Accounting Information Systems Report Sample
Assignment Brief
The purpose of this group assignment is to make familiar students with the key business processes within organisations, the role and operation of information systems in supporting these business processes and data analytics using various tools.
Part A focuses on:
• Describe the role of information systems in today’s competitive business environment with particular focus on accounting information systems.
• To help better understand how technology can facilitate:
o effective and efficient management of an organisation;
o Business processes within an organisation in a digital economy.
• Examine the part played by various information systems in the decision-making process at the different levels of an organisation.
• Systems Documentation (draw diagrams and flowcharts of a system based on narration);
• Internal Controls Assessment (assess based on narration, identify on a flowchart and explain using templates provided);
• Use of software visualisation tools to develop executive dashboards and
Part B
• Computer attacks and cyber security (assess and make recommendations).
Part A
1 Case Study 01
This assessment focuses on Home Decor Warehouse, a wholesale firm specialising in home décor supplies to large companies. The objective is to enhance operational efficiency through the integration of in-store operations via computerisation. As a consultant in accounting information systems, you have been engaged to assist the firm in documenting their ordering system. This assessment evaluates your ability to analyse the current system, propose enhancements, and provide comprehensive documentation to support the integration process.
“Home Decor warehouse is a wholesale firm that supplies home decor supplies to large companies. Accepting orders is subject to the customer meeting agreed upon terms of payment. Details of rejected orders are recorded in the customer data file as part of customers credit history. Customers can pay form their orders either via electronic fund transfers or direct deposits into the firm's bank account. In the interest of safety, Home Decor warehouse does not accept cash payments.
For each order that is verified and accepted, an invoice is generated, and a pick list is sent to the warehouse. The orders are processed once their payments are received. Each order is handled by a specific sales representative, who earns a commission on each sale. The firm has six basic data files, which contains customer information, warehouse information, product information, account receivable, sale information, and payments information, respectively.
Over the next few years, the company expects to become a multimillion-dollar operation. The need to computerise their in-store operations, the company has begun the process by calling you to assist them with documenting the ordering system”.
Required:
System Analysis:
1) Analyse the existing ordering system of Home Decor Warehouse, identifying its key components and processes.
System Documentation
2) Create a context diagram and a level 0 DFD diagram for the order system at Home Décor warehouse
Implementation Plan:
3) Discuss the challenges and risks associated with the proposed enhancements
2: Data analysis and visualisation using Power Bi:
This task requires you to create a customised report with the following three pages:
a) Overview page showing sales and pretax profit by year;
b) Total assets by year
c) Income tax expense and Tax paid in cash by year
Part B
Computer frauds and cyberattacks
The digital landscape is evolving at an unprecedented pace, and with it comes an increasingly complex and sophisticated cyber threat landscape. Recent cyberattacks in Australia have demonstrated the critical importance of cybersecurity in safeguarding individuals, organisations, and national interests. These attacks have highlighted the devastating consequences that can arise from security breaches, ranging from financial losses and reputational damage to potential disruptions of critical infrastructure.
You in this assignment, will delve into the significance of cybersecurity in today's interconnected world, examining the evolving nature of cyber threats and the pressing need for proactive measures to protect against them. By understanding the importance of cybersecurity and the risks it mitigates, the focus is how we can build a robust case for prioritising cybersecurity initiatives and fostering a culture of awareness and preparedness.
Based on the above background discuss two recent high profile cyberattacks in the light of following headings:
1. How this attack has been perpetrated, who was/were behind the attack and what were their motives.
2. What could be the possible consequences of this data breach on consumers?
3. How to prevent these types of attacks in future.
4. What actions should government and law enforcement agencies should take to prevent these types of attack in future.
Solution
System Analysis
The “wholesale order management system (OMS)” is a part of the existing ordering system at Home Decor Warehouse. It is a digital platform that allows businesses to manage the lifecycle of wholesale demands, which can contain “business-to-business (B2B) and business-to-consumer (B2C)” transactions. An OMS can assist corporations with Order capture it supports Recording and operation demands from different sales channelers, such as “online stores, physical points of sale, or telephone orders” (Abadi et al., 2021). In terms of Order processing: Verifying and validating orders, checking product availability, and verifying customer data. Inventory management can follow the “quantity, locations, and availability” of developments in products (?ç et al., 2022). In terms of Fulfilment, it allows for Creating end-to-end “workflows and synchronizing” the benefits of wholesalers.
After-sales assistance especially support to Operating customer knowledge. It has been identified that Wholesale markets can utilise an assortment of payment methods, such as “Invoice payments, Credit card payments, Cash, Credit or debit transfers” (Van Geest et al., 2021). In terms of Invoice payments this traditional method, where earnings are completed after delivery founded on invoices. In terms of Credit card payments, it has been addressed that, business credit cards can be convenient and offer bonuses. In terms of Cash, this is essentially a “common method of payment”. Credit or debit transfers are another current approach to Payment, they promote messages that transfer reserves from the payer's economic association to the payee's (Heydari et al., 2020). Current order processing and fulfilment is the methodology of acquiring and processing customer demands and then providing them. It is a maximum part of order completion, which even includes addressing “inventory and returns”.
The existing ordering processing and fulfilment process is to “receive inventory” from suppliers and keep it in a storage or warehouse. Correspond that the effects the customer requested are in stock, Choose the collected objects from products and load them for delivery (Bondarenko et al.,2020). Wholesale Sales Representatives are frequently accountable for managing or accomplishing some or all of the subsequent assignments such as answering customers' queries about “products, prices, availability, product uses, and credit terms” (Morgeson et al., 2020). Assessment or quote expenditures, credit or contract representations, warranties, and delivery dates. Current data storage management especially suggests the technique of gathering data. It especially demands the proper performance of storage instruments and the availability of various classes of data. Digital communication may have “protocols, documents, user preferences, address books” and more.
Customer and order history management techniques are interested in several methods as the consumer identifies an order after that declaration is processed. After that the consequences are “picked, packed, shipped” from the warehouse to the consumer. After that, the freight is followed in real-time to display the order situation to the client and for internal company contact. After that, keep careful control over merchandise to control “stockouts and surplus” problems. Operating a demand search procedure to follow directives once the investment is created. Gathering all the required details and revenue from the consumer, including connection statement, assignment attributes, and any exceptional education. After that it is backed by CRM, Operating data investigation of a possible customer's order record to enhance interaction.
System Documentation
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Figure 1: Context Diagram
(Source: Self-Created)
The above figure shows context diagrams for the Customer ordering system. Customer diagrams mainly known as context data flow diagrams, especially permit this whole sales business to comprehend the extent of a design and how it interacts with other commodities. This diagram essentially helps this “Home Decor Warehouse” wholesale firm to comprehend the extent of the processes of a strategy and remember interfaces that require to be accounted for (Lu et al., 2021). This can allow them to acquire new techniques or improve current ones. It is also identified that Context diagrams can assist this firm in identifying conceivable stakeholders and comprehending their conditions and desires. Context diagrams can assist in ensuring that strategies involve project “conditions and conditions”, which can diminish conceivable threats (Chong, and Diamantopoulos, 2020). Context diagrams can support the sharing of essential details with team associates also Context diagrams can administer in standardising and guiding industry processes for university assignment help.
The leading purpose of establishing this context diagram is to make an ordering system. The above diagram mainly shows how the system interacts with customers and other external entities such as accounting, credit card authorization companies, customer service, and warehouses (Li, 2022). This diagram is specifically employed to comprehend the procedure of an online arrangement strategy by delivering the entities concerned, the procedures concluded, and how data courses through the procedure. It is also determined that all entities that interact with the system, such as customers, the inventory manager and suppliers. All data flows between the system and external entities such as information flows.
.png)
Figure 2: Level 0 DFD diagram
(Source: Self-Created)
The above figure shows a Level 0 DFD diagram, this “Level 0 Data Flow Diagram (DFD)”, also comprehended as a context graph, is a high-level outline of a technique or procedure that's existing “analyzed or modelled” (Retrialisca et al., 2022). It's scheduled to be an at-a-glance picture that illustrates the procedure as a single operation, along with its connection to exterior commodities. It is also identified that this Level 0 DFD is necessary because it delivers a straightforward graphical illustration. Apart from these, these DFDs allow individuals to comprehend what's heading on with a design by providing a precise visual indication of the gush of data within it (Hidayat et al., 2020). This also helps identify problems such as DFDs can assist in recognising possible blockages or issues in the flow of data.
It permits to Makes complex procedures effortless to comprehend therefore DFDs utilise an easy-to-follow inscription design that cracks down the most complex operations into comprehensible diagrams (Rustan, and Dachyar, 2020). This makes them comfortable for an expansive field of audiences to comprehend, from architects to CEOs or consumers. This diagram specifically describes the procedure as a single operation with its connection to exterior entities such as consumers, delivery individuals, and payment expense gateways. Data flows between the design and these commodities demonstrate how knowledge documents and leaves the procedure. Apart from these, this diagram operates simple reminder that doesn’t demand technical proficiency (Parusheva, and Pencheva, 2021). Another advantage of this DFD diagram’s selected inscription is that it is straightforward to draw, “amend, and elaborate”.
Implementation Plan
While implementing the context diagram it faced several challenges such as “Lack of detail, Time-consuming, Scope creep, Complexity management, Accuracy”. It has been determined that Context diagrams can lack the deep and component required to completely comprehend how techniques work concurrently (Chong, and Diamantopoulos, 2020). For instance, they accomplish conduct interior functionality, timing, or design relations with exterior commodities. They likewise don't catch important details such as “assignments, resources, and dependencies”, which are demanded for project planning and implementation. This process is also time-consuming due to Building context graphs can be time-consuming, particularly if the wholesale firm utilises a platform such as “Word or Excel” (Van Geest et al., 2021). Apart from these, when implementing a context diagram, It can be difficult to preserve focus on appropriate exterior commodities and exchanges when attempting to develop the scope of the diagram beyond essential. This can lead to equivocation and scope slime, which may delay the adaptability of the project throughout its lifecycle. Also, Diagrams for intricate techniques may evolve complex, making it challenging to sustain clarity and clarity. For instance, a chart that attempts to establish relationships with 100 additional things could evolve into a spectacle that nothing can read. The graph accurately describes the interaction directions of the system's relentless experimentation and validation, which can waste important moments and help.
The implementing DFDs also have several limitations such as “Complexity, Time-consuming, lack of detail, Dynamic nature, timing information gap, Non-technical user challenge, Limited focus”. It is mostly concentrated on developing and supporting DFDs can be time-intensive, and DFDs may not deliver sufficient particular about the methods or data living designated (Cheema et al.,2023). Also decided that DFDs may not accurately mirror the emotional qualities of a method or procedure. During performance DFDs also encounter a lack of acquaintance about the timing, succession, and synchronization of strategies. DFDs' strength is questioning for non-technical users to comprehend (Alshareef et al., 2020). DFDs concentrate mainly on the discharge of data in a procedure, and may not apprehend other meaningful elements of the procedure, such as user interface formatting, system protection, or procedure version.
It is also important for Home Decor Warehouse wholesale firm, DFDs can be challenging to comprehend and strengthen, particularly for complicated scenarios (Alshareef et al.,2022). DFDs can evolve problematic to observe if they carry too numerous components or techniques. Due to this diagram existing a little complex Developing and supporting DFDs can be time-consuming. DFDs may not deliver sufficient detail about the approaches or data they define (Seifermann et al.,2022). DFDs primarily focus on data discharge and may not apprehend other significant characteristics of a strategy, such as “ security, interpretation, or user interface technique”.
2 : Data analysis and visualizations using Power BI
Part a )
Count of sales revenue and pre tax profit
Part b )
Total asset in Financial year
Part c )
Income tax paid by income tax expense
Reference List
Van Geest, M., Tekinerdogan, B. and Catal, C., 2021. Design of a reference architecture for developing smart warehouses in Industry 4.0. Computers in industry, 124, p.103343.
Heydari, M., Lai, K.K. and Zhou, X., 2020. Creating sustainable order fulfilment processes through managing the risk: evidence from the disposable products industry. Sustainability, 12(7), p.2871.
Abadi, B., Mahdavian, S. and Fattahi, F., 2021. The waste management of fruit and vegetable in wholesale markets: Intention and behavior analysis using path analysis. Journal of Cleaner Production, 279, p.123802.
?ç, Y.T., Çelik, B., Kavak, S. and Baki, B., 2022. An integrated AHP-modified VIKOR model for financial performance modeling in retail and wholesale trade companies. Decision Analytics Journal, 3, p.100077.
Bondarenko, S., Robul, Y., Dyshkantiuk, O., Mohylova, A., Salamatina, S. and Komarnitskyi, I., 2020. The dynamic model of customer focus management in the hotel business based on markov chains. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 9(3), pp.1132-1139.
Morgeson III, F.V., Hult, G.T.M., Mithas, S., Keiningham, T. and Fornell, C., 2020. Turning complaining customers into loyal customers: Moderators of the complaint handling–Customer loyalty relationship. Journal of Marketing, 84(5), pp.79-99.
Lu, P., Qiu, L., Chen, J., Xia, T., Zhao, Y., Zhang, W., Yu, Z., Liang, X. and Zhu, S.C., 2021. Iconqa: A new benchmark for abstract diagram understanding and visual language reasoning. arXiv preprint arXiv:2110.13214.
Chong, H.Y. and Diamantopoulos, A., 2020. Integrating advanced technologies to uphold security of payment: Data flow diagram. Automation in construction, 114, p.103158.
Li, Z., 2022. Design of ordering system based on spring boot framework. International Core Journal of Engineering, 8(5), pp.579-588.
Retrialisca, F., Wulandari, C.A. and Chotijah, U., 2022. Design and Implementation of Ordering and Payment Information System at Aisya Catering Surabaya. Jurnal Tekno Kompak, 16(2), pp.124-138.
Hidayat, A.T., Dewantara, A.M.D. and Saifullah, S., 2020. The development of website on management information system for e-commerce and services. Jurnal Sisfokom (Sistem Informasi dan Komputer), 9(3), pp.380-386.
Rustan, K.M. and Dachyar, M., 2020. The Critical Blood Bank’s Inventory Management Improvement Using Information System Through the Implementation of Internet of Things. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 29(7 Special Issue), pp.3695-3704.
Parusheva, S. and Pencheva, D., 2021. Modeling a Business Intelligent System for Managing Orders to Supplier in the Retail Chain with Unified Model Language. In Digital Transformation Technology: Proceedings of ITAF 2020 (pp. 375-393). Singapore: Springer Singapore.
Seifermann, S., Heinrich, R., Werle, D. and Reussner, R., 2022. Detecting violations of access control and information flow policies in data flow diagrams. Journal of Systems and Software, 184, p.111138.
Alshareef, H., Tuma, K., Stucki, S., Schneider, G. and Scandariato, R., 2022, August. Precise analysis of purpose limitation in Data Flow Diagrams. In Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (pp. 1-11).
Alshareef, H., Tuma, K., Stucki, S., Schneider, G. and Scandariato, R., 2022, August. Precise analysis of purpose limitation in Data Flow Diagrams. In Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (pp. 1-11).
Cheema, S.M., Tariq, S. and Pires, I.M., 2023. A natural language interface for automatic generation of data flow diagram using web extraction techniques. Journal of King Saud University-Computer and Information Sciences, 35(2), pp.626-640.
Chong, H.Y. and Diamantopoulos, A., 2020. Integrating advanced technologies to uphold security of payment: Data flow diagram. Automation in construction, 114, p.103158.
Van Geest, M., Tekinerdogan, B. and Catal, C., 2021. Design of a reference architecture for developing smart warehouses in industry 4.0. Computers in industry, 124, p.103343.
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